After resizing a system disk on a Windows 2008 Server, an error occured when rebooting the server :

\Windows\System32\winload.exe

The selected entry could not be loaded because the application is missing or corrupt

To solve this issue, I inserted the Windows 2008 installation CD and booted from it. I selected Repair and then started the command prompt.
The Windows 2008 boot configuration can be configured with the tool BCDEDIT.EXE.  (command-line options)

First you can run the tool to see the current settings. It should probably look something like this :

Windows Boot Manager
——————–
identifier              {bootmgr}
device                  unknown
description             Windows Boot Manager
locale                  en-US
inherit                 {globalsettings}
default                 {current}
displayorder            {current}
toolsdisplayorder       {memdiag}
timeout                 30

Windows Boot Loader
——————-
identifier              {current}
device                  unknown
path                    \Windows\system32\winload.exe
description             Microsoft Windows Server 2008
locale                  en-US
inherit                 {bootloadersettings}
osdevice                unknown
systemroot              \Windows
resumeobject            {12f74cff-e685-11dd-8438-93c12396c12f}
nx                      OptOut

To solve the issue for the starting location (currently unknown) you can use the following 3 commands :

c:\windows\system32\bcdedit /set {default} device partition=c:
c:\windows\system32\bcdedit /set {default} osdevice partition=c:
c:\windows\system32\bcdedit /set {bootmgr} device partition=c:

After a reboot the server was starting normally.